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The climate of Northeast of Brazil and Bahia in particular is subject to many influences. Bahia is located, horizontally, between the ocean mass and the south east american continental mountain chain with an average between 800 and 1200m high; Angelim Plateau, Chapada Diamantina, Barbado Montain (2033m), Mangabeira Plateau, Sincora Plateau and Espinhaço Plateau, which separates the state in two.
And vertically, between the tropical north influence and the cold streams coming from the south pole along the Brazilian coast, mainly carried along by the Atlantic ocean. The influence of the south polar masses arises in springtime and summer, while the inland remains subject to tropical semi-arrid influence.
The North tropical mass generate rainfall at the end of the year. Humidity is also due to oceanic east flow in winter, producing rainfall on the coastal regions.
On the other end the Amazon macro-system influence affecting the entire east coast of Brazil is very variable (part of the the tropical northeastern instability).
Average temperatures ranges between 20 ° C and 29 ° C.
It is to be noted the significant difference in climate between the Atlantic zone, humid, and the inland, semi-arrid. This difference in eco-systems participates in the complex northeast weather interactions.
This system is subject to annual variations, especially unpredictable. For example, states such as Ceara with record rates of annual sunshine can witness uninterrupted rainfall, causing major flooding, lasting several weeks.
If, in general, the rainy season lasts 2 months it may occur drought with a strong impact on agricultural activities causinf rural exodus.
Another important factor in the unstable weather is the decline of Atlantic Forest, which, through the lost of its extremely rich floral density is no longer able to play its buffer role between oceanic and continental masses.
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